India Deploys 37 Supercomputers with 40 Petaflops Under National Supercomputing Mission
India’s pursuit of technological self-reliance in high-performance computing has reached a major milestone, with 37 supercomputers now deployed across the country under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM). Collectively delivering a total computing power of 40 Petaflops, these systems are advancing frontier research in multiple scientific and engineering disciplines.
Expanding India’s Supercomputing Network
Launched in April 2015 with an outlay of ₹4,500 crore, the NSM is jointly implemented by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and the Department of Science and Technology (DST) through the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru.
Over the past five years, 34 of the 37 systems were deployed, and six additional supercomputers worth ₹680 crore are now being set up at leading institutions, including IITs, IISc, and R&D laboratories, as well as several Tier-II and Tier-III cities. These deployments ensure equitable access to high-performance computing (HPC) across India’s research ecosystem.
PARAM Rudra: Powering Indigenous Supercomputing
At the core of this effort is the PARAM Rudra series of supercomputers—built using indigenously designed and manufactured “Rudra” servers and an entirely home-grown software stack. These systems represent a significant leap towards Atmanirbhar Bharat in advanced computing, marking India’s emergence as a producer rather than just a user of HPC technology.
PARAM Rudra supercomputers are currently facilitating advanced research in physics, earth sciences, cosmology, climate modelling, drug discovery, computational chemistry, and aerospace engineering. Operating at over 81% utilisation—some exceeding 95%—these systems have supported more than 13,000 researchers, including 1,700 PhD scholars from 260 institutions. Over one crore compute jobs have been completed, contributing to 1,500 peer-reviewed research papers.
Startups and MSMEs are also leveraging the NSM infrastructure to power high-end simulation and AI-driven research projects, bridging the gap between academia and industry innovation.
Building a Self-Reliant Supercomputing Ecosystem
The NSM has fostered a complete domestic ecosystem for high-performance computing through indigenous design and development of critical sub-components. Key achievements include:
Rudra Server Board: Designed by C-DAC and transferred to three Indian EMS partners for large-scale manufacturing.
High-Speed Interconnect: Network tested at 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps, boosting data communication efficiency between compute nodes.
Indigenous Cooling Systems: Advanced cooling technologies have been developed and are being deployed across new installations.
Complete HPC Software Stack: Fully developed in India and integrated into operational systems.
PARAM Shavak: A compact “supercomputing-in-a-box” solution for students and researchers in colleges and universities.
Additionally, HPC applications of national importance have been created under NSM—spanning genomics and drug discovery, flood forecasting, urban weather modelling, seismic data processing for oil and gas, and material science. These systems are already in use by institutions such as the India Meteorological Department (IMD), ONGC, Central Water Commission (CWC), Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), and the Ministry of Ayush.
To further enhance indigenous capabilities, India has initiated the design and development of HPC processors, accelerators, and advanced storage systems, reinforcing its position as a global player in computational research.
with inputs from PIB Delhi